A New Look at the Sulfur Cycle 0
12:45 AMA New Look at the Sulfur Cycle 
Epifluorescence micrograph of sulfate reducing bacterium, DMSS1. Image Credit: Shuhei Ono
http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/articles/a-new-look-at-the-sulfur-cycle/
Epifluorescence micrograph of sulfate reducing bacterium, DMSS1. Image Credit: Shuhei Ono The record of Earth’s sulfur cycle preserved in sedimentary rocks is commonly used to track the evolution of microbial sulfur metabolisms and levels of atmospheric oxygen throughout geologic history. Sulfur isotope evidence suggests the Earth’s atmospheric oxygen appeared about 2.4 billion years ago, but its level remained rather low until about 650 million years ago.
New studies by NASA Astrobiology Institute scientists have questioned the extent to which the record of the sulfur cycle reflects the oxygenation. The team has demonstrated that a laboratory culture of a marine sulfate-reducing bacterium can produce sulfur isotope signatures beyond the threshold previously used to define the boundaries for different sulfur metabolisms. This finding suggests that oxygenation is not the only mechanism that can explain similar signatures in modern and ancient sediments. The team’s paper was published in the July 1 issue of Sciencehttp://astrobiology.nasa.gov/articles/a-new-look-at-the-sulfur-cycle/
Seminar Detail
Star and Planet Formation
Presenter: John Bally ()
May 19, 2003 12:00 AM Pacific
Presenter: John Bally ()
May 19, 2003 12:00 AM Pacific
How common are habitable planets in the Universe? We can seek an answer by
searching for planets around other stars, or by probing the conditions in
which planets form. I will review the second approach. Planets are a
direct by-product of the star-formation process. The majority (~90%) of
stars in the sky form in giant molecular clouds along with luminous,
short-lived, but highly destructive massive stars. In these environments,
proto-planetary disks are subjected to collisions, harsh radiation fields,
powerful winds, and explosions. Thus, potential planet forming disks may be
short lived. The Hubble Space Telescope has provided direct evidence for
rapid disk destruction in the Orion Nebula. These observations imply that
either planets form very rapidly, or that planetary systems will be
relatively rare. I will review our understanding of star and planet
formation with an emphasis on recent observational results.
searching for planets around other stars, or by probing the conditions in
which planets form. I will review the second approach. Planets are a
direct by-product of the star-formation process. The majority (~90%) of
stars in the sky form in giant molecular clouds along with luminous,
short-lived, but highly destructive massive stars. In these environments,
proto-planetary disks are subjected to collisions, harsh radiation fields,
powerful winds, and explosions. Thus, potential planet forming disks may be
short lived. The Hubble Space Telescope has provided direct evidence for
rapid disk destruction in the Orion Nebula. These observations imply that
either planets form very rapidly, or that planetary systems will be
relatively rare. I will review our understanding of star and planet
formation with an emphasis on recent observational results.
Participation Instructions
Nature's World
At Nature's World we aim to provide you with more than just a visit to the uk's pioneering eco-experience, our plan is to provide you with information, education, ideas and an inspiration for looking after the environment. Since opening in 1992, Nature's World has evolved into a thriving visitor attraction, training centre and educational facility for the whole of the local and wider community. As part of on-going re-development plan, we have spent over £500,000 over the past 6 months further enhancing the site and adding lots of new exhibits and features for everyone to enjoy - These include new informative signage, family trails, solar powered talking posts, educational play parks, a giant bank-side slide, an interactive sustainability challenge, 2020 future world, the race to recycle and much much more! By using sustainable practices, such as renewable energy and recycling, we have created a 25-acre peaceful rural haven on the edge of urban Middlesbrough. Nature's World has evolved into a thriving visitor attraction, training centre and education facility for the whole of the local and wider community including schools, the unemployed and disabled. With on-site tearooms serving both hot and cold food & drink, ample free car parking and so much to see and do why not come and experience the beauty of Nature's World for yourself.
Ravens differentiate between friend and foe
Recent American study revealed that the crows have an excellent memory which can remember the person who posed a threat and warn them, some of it.
The Web site, "Discovery News" that U.S. researchers at the University of "Washington," and found that the crows can distinguish between friendly face and the other dangerous, and warn each other of the face so serious. It turns out that these birds as smart Cbembanzi, remember the face of a threat to at least five years.
The researcher John Marzlow responsible for the study, the study showed that the little crows to faces serious may continue at least 5 years ", adding that the crows that live between 15 and 40 years, you may remember the links to the task that formed during the most years of her life, according to their two" time ".
A team of researchers to expose the crows in question to "the grave" by wearing masks during the capture the birds and then launch in 5 different locations.
After 5 years, researchers found a large hostile reaction by the birds in the area on the mask which he had dressed, explains that the birds had warned some of it.
Recent American study revealed that the crows have an excellent memory which can remember the person who posed a threat and warn them, some of it.
The Web site, "Discovery News" that U.S. researchers at the University of "Washington," and found that the crows can distinguish between friendly face and the other dangerous, and warn each other of the face so serious. It turns out that these birds as smart Cbembanzi, remember the face of a threat to at least five years.
The researcher John Marzlow responsible for the study, the study showed that the little crows to faces serious may continue at least 5 years ", adding that the crows that live between 15 and 40 years, you may remember the links to the task that formed during the most years of her life, according to their two" time ".
A team of researchers to expose the crows in question to "the grave" by wearing masks during the capture the birds and then launch in 5 different locations.
After 5 years, researchers found a large hostile reaction by the birds in the area on the mask which he had dressed, explains that the birds had warned some of it.
MinkOtter species of weasels live near the water, and spends most of his time where Sabha. And animals, otters skilled in swimming and diving, and can stay under water for three or four minutes straight.
These animals live in all continents, except Australia and Antarctica. And weighing between 4.5 and 15 kg, and ranging in length between 1 and 1.5 m, including the tail. The length of the giant otter, who lives in South America to two meters. Mink live along the banks of rivers or springs, or lakes.
Deals with the otter things by his claws. It holds and plays professionally with stones and small shellfish. And some types of otter African and Asian countries can use the fingers of his feet Kosaba normal because only a small tissue between the fingers of his feet.Fed animals Bgrad sea otters, fish and cancer, despite its ability to capture fast-moving river fish Kasmk trout fish they often Matstad slow motion. The otters also eat frogs, insects and shellfish, snails, snakes and sometimes waterfowl.
Adopt most of the animals, otters homes in burrows on the banks of the river or under a series of rocks, or in deceptive abandoned for other animals. And give birth to female otters Groan at a time, and be young, called Taatavel (from) blind at birth.Puppies can not even swim at the age of several months.This type is threatened with extinction because the population they Basttiyadha for fur
These animals live in all continents, except Australia and Antarctica. And weighing between 4.5 and 15 kg, and ranging in length between 1 and 1.5 m, including the tail. The length of the giant otter, who lives in South America to two meters. Mink live along the banks of rivers or springs, or lakes.
Deals with the otter things by his claws. It holds and plays professionally with stones and small shellfish. And some types of otter African and Asian countries can use the fingers of his feet Kosaba normal because only a small tissue between the fingers of his feet.Fed animals Bgrad sea otters, fish and cancer, despite its ability to capture fast-moving river fish Kasmk trout fish they often Matstad slow motion. The otters also eat frogs, insects and shellfish, snails, snakes and sometimes waterfowl.
Adopt most of the animals, otters homes in burrows on the banks of the river or under a series of rocks, or in deceptive abandoned for other animals. And give birth to female otters Groan at a time, and be young, called Taatavel (from) blind at birth.Puppies can not even swim at the age of several months.This type is threatened with extinction because the population they Basttiyadha for fur
Ovibos moschatus
[Scientific classification]
Kingdom: Animal
Division: Chordata
Grade: mammals
Rank: Hfieat fingers
Family: bovids
Subfamily: Caprinae
Gender: Ovibos
Blainville, 1816
Type: O. moschatus
Musk ox is known scientifically as Ovibos moschatus, a mammal of the family of bovids and rank Artiodactyla exist in Greenland and northern parts of the arid North America. A large animal head, short neck, two horns Aarban at the base Anhanian up the length of his head and body about 250 cm, and height of the shoulder around 150 cm, and weighs about 300 kg, his coat thick and long, color dark brown, called the musk ox as it is characterized by smell Almskih. This animal is active during the day, and live in herds led by a male and one or more of the dominant male, fed Sindr summer leaves and willow short while the algae is fed in winter and gray hair old man, and roots.
sugar-cane
Sugar cane plant genus of grassy species, comprising six to 37 species (the number varies according to the taxonomic system used). A tropical plant, which is the main source for the extraction of sugar, while the other source is sugar beet. Requires the cultivation of fertile land, water and many remain in the ground for a whole year, and the sugar factories in the center of the sugar cane fields. Used the remains of the reeds after his time in the manufacture of alcohol.
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotesKingdom: PlantsDivision: seed dispersalCommunity: Ahadiat falaqaTitle: Cereal PoalesFamily: Poaceae grassyFamily: PanicoideaeTribe: AndropogoneaeGender: sugar cane Saccharum
[Habitat and proliferation]
The South and Southeast Asia, the primary habitat for cane sugar. Transferred during the era of Muslim conquest to the Arab world and the Mediterranean, including Sicily and Andalusia, European colonists and then transferred to the New World.
The cultivation of sugar cane fields, a place for many creatures, including sugar cane, frog poison experienced by Australia since the two brought in 1935 from the islands of Hawaii to eliminate the spiders that invade the sugar cane fields in the north of Australia and affect the product of the fields, causing significant losses
[Uses]
Of folk customs in some countries that grow sugar cane, including Morocco, Egypt, usually sucking sugar cane, which has nutritional benefits and health of the throat in the treatment of inflammation.
Often, farmers are going through as they seek Boutraiqam suck sugar cane stalks, and in the cities of Egypt, the shops are scattered afternoon cane striking.
Extracted from many of the products of which (alcohol - sugar - paper) As for the sugar produced from sugar cane is one of the finest species, need cane Alskraly land of mud and black heavy and rich silt usually be in Upper Egypt has been the work of factories based on sugar cane Nag Hammadi in the earliest cities and also the level of the largest industrial cities.
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotesKingdom: PlantsDivision: seed dispersalCommunity: Ahadiat falaqaTitle: Cereal PoalesFamily: Poaceae grassyFamily: PanicoideaeTribe: AndropogoneaeGender: sugar cane Saccharum
[Habitat and proliferation]
The South and Southeast Asia, the primary habitat for cane sugar. Transferred during the era of Muslim conquest to the Arab world and the Mediterranean, including Sicily and Andalusia, European colonists and then transferred to the New World.
The cultivation of sugar cane fields, a place for many creatures, including sugar cane, frog poison experienced by Australia since the two brought in 1935 from the islands of Hawaii to eliminate the spiders that invade the sugar cane fields in the north of Australia and affect the product of the fields, causing significant losses
[Uses]
Of folk customs in some countries that grow sugar cane, including Morocco, Egypt, usually sucking sugar cane, which has nutritional benefits and health of the throat in the treatment of inflammation.
Often, farmers are going through as they seek Boutraiqam suck sugar cane stalks, and in the cities of Egypt, the shops are scattered afternoon cane striking.
Extracted from many of the products of which (alcohol - sugar - paper) As for the sugar produced from sugar cane is one of the finest species, need cane Alskraly land of mud and black heavy and rich silt usually be in Upper Egypt has been the work of factories based on sugar cane Nag Hammadi in the earliest cities and also the level of the largest industrial cities.
Hurricane Tornado air circulation is rapidly vertically, and shall be hung in dense clouds or below the cumulative cumulative dense clouds, and usually, not always be visible on the cone-shaped clouds.
Ranging in Tornado wind speed of 64 km / h to 480 km / hour and may extend to a diameter of up to 1.6 km, spreads more in the United States of America.
In 1971, Dr. Fujita of the University of Chicago, the classification of six types of hurricanes start from scratch and end five (F0 to F5). And classification depends on the highest speed expected for the current antenna in the column cone of the cyclone, and called this category (a measure of Fujita hurricane) and is also called (F Scale) and became the standard adopted internationally for the classification of the physical damage that occurs to the building and construction due to the occurrence of the hurricane.
Ranging in Tornado wind speed of 64 km / h to 480 km / hour and may extend to a diameter of up to 1.6 km, spreads more in the United States of America.
In 1971, Dr. Fujita of the University of Chicago, the classification of six types of hurricanes start from scratch and end five (F0 to F5). And classification depends on the highest speed expected for the current antenna in the column cone of the cyclone, and called this category (a measure of Fujita hurricane) and is also called (F Scale) and became the standard adopted internationally for the classification of the physical damage that occurs to the building and construction due to the occurrence of the hurricane.
Female wasp lay their eggs in the belly of the beetle
Confirmed by scientists from France and Canada that the female wasp lay their eggs in the belly of the beetle through the bitten and even make these insect larvae spam guard on it.
The Frederick Thomas of the University of Montpellier, France and the University of Montreal, Canada, the female wasp larvae live for twenty days in its host, the beetle, and feed on their tissues, but without killing her.
The scientists noted Monday in the Journal of "biological" to Aters of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Britain, that the larvae emerge from the belly of the beetle through the hole Tthagbh from within the shield beetle, and weave a thread silk between the legs of the beetle, forcing them so guarded, where the beetle in the case of semi-paralysis due to this tissue.
The researchers stressed that the reason behind this strategy is that the female wasp larvae that live in the protection of the beetle are less vulnerable to attack by birds and predatory insects compared to larvae that live without this special protection, according to the newspaper stated "Jerusalem is Arab."
However, the researchers pointed out at the same time that this strategy is flawed by the possibility that the fertility decline in the degree of female wasp forced to choose between eating beetles that live in the bosom in order to produce eggs, to keep the beetle for the benefit of her offspring.
The researchers explained that about 25% of the beetles survive, but this control and return later to conduct the first.
Confirmed by scientists from France and Canada that the female wasp lay their eggs in the belly of the beetle through the bitten and even make these insect larvae spam guard on it.
The Frederick Thomas of the University of Montpellier, France and the University of Montreal, Canada, the female wasp larvae live for twenty days in its host, the beetle, and feed on their tissues, but without killing her.
The scientists noted Monday in the Journal of "biological" to Aters of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Britain, that the larvae emerge from the belly of the beetle through the hole Tthagbh from within the shield beetle, and weave a thread silk between the legs of the beetle, forcing them so guarded, where the beetle in the case of semi-paralysis due to this tissue.
The researchers stressed that the reason behind this strategy is that the female wasp larvae that live in the protection of the beetle are less vulnerable to attack by birds and predatory insects compared to larvae that live without this special protection, according to the newspaper stated "Jerusalem is Arab."
However, the researchers pointed out at the same time that this strategy is flawed by the possibility that the fertility decline in the degree of female wasp forced to choose between eating beetles that live in the bosom in order to produce eggs, to keep the beetle for the benefit of her offspring.
The researchers explained that about 25% of the beetles survive, but this control and return later to conduct the first.
Prawn
is a shrimp-like marine animals, belong to the crustaceans. Featuring shrimp Boukaashima platelet, in contrast to the gills with shrimp branching.
Such as shrimp, lobster is considered a global sea food nutritional value is high.
[Nutrition Information]
Each containing 100 g of shrimp, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture nutritional information on the following:
Calories: 71
Fat: 1.01
Saturated fat: 0.11
Carbohydrates: 0.91
Cholesterol: 126
Protein: 13.61
Such as shrimp, lobster is considered a global sea food nutritional value is high.
[Nutrition Information]
Each containing 100 g of shrimp, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture nutritional information on the following:
Calories: 71
Fat: 1.01
Saturated fat: 0.11
Carbohydrates: 0.91
Cholesterol: 126
Protein: 13.61
Asian lion
Asian Lion is one of the strains of black and still living today in India only and is also known as the Indian lion, was the home of this strain has spread in the past of Greece and South West Asia through Central Asia to India. Historically, the Asian black is classified into three types Assad is Arab, Persian and Bengali. [1] These animals are one of the three major Cat comes India, and the other is a tiger and the tiger. [2]
Different black African Asian relatives from several aspects, they are slightly smaller, but the males mane is less dense and has a fold of excess skin extending along the abdomen, and the tuft of hair on their wake and joints longer tuft of black Africa. Vary black Asian African also through their behavior the social, they live in the code smaller and fewer in number where they can reach the number of members of the group for about Onttin only; Perhaps the most distinguishing feature of this black is carried to humans and not show aggressive behavior towards him often, and perhaps the reason for this This is because the black remaining in India, shared the home with a number of tribes for thousands of years, making it get used to the presence of humans in the vicinity. However, recently in the past few years, the percentage of attack these animals to humans, and believed that the reason behind this is to reduce the number of cattle domesticated in the forest is developing methods of preserving them from attack predators which deprived black from one of the sources of their food basic and make it so you look at the human Ktradh alternative [3].
Total census population in 2005 about 359 people [4] living all in the forest is in the Indian state of Gujarat, [5] [6] In the census of 2010, show that the number of black increased 52 Asda than it was in 2005. [7] extended the scope of this Black in earlier eras from the Caucasus and Turkey, the Levant and across to Yemen and from Macedonia through Mesopotamia and Iran to India via Pakistan and even Bangladesh border. The Asiatic one of the strains of black used by the Romans to battle gladiators and other types of animals in the arenas Amajaldh and terraces Romanian, and were the descendants of the black key used by the rulers of the provinces the Romans in Asia to fight in arenas mini similar to the circuit core in Rome, where he appeared in some of the inscriptions and drawings Canaanite The Phoenician black Allibdh a small prey some people. Of the common mistakes is when people believe that black is the national animal of India, but this title is up to the Bengali Port [8].
Scientists assume that the Asian lion separated from the black African population since a relatively short period according to the period required for the creature to behave a different evolutionary path, and this period is estimated at about 100,000 years
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotes Kingdom: Animals Division: Chordata Community: mammals Rank: carnivores Species: cat Gender: Tiger Type: Lion Strain: Asian
[In the case of nature conservation]
Endangered animals (Risk of extinction max)
[Description and biological properties]
Lion of the Asian shaggy coat is greater than that of the African lion, and has a longer tuft of hair on the tail and other facilities. Ranges along the skull of adult males between 330 and 340 mm maximum, while the females ranged along the skull between 266 and 277 millimeters. [10] has both sexes fold of skin stretching on the abdomen as a whole and distinguish this strain from others, and range in length from males between 1.7 and 2.5 meters and weigh between 150 and 250 kg while the length of the females to between 1.4 and 1.75 meters and weighs between 120 and 182 kg. [11] According to the documents that the largest males ever arrived in length to 292 cm, [12] and a height of 107 centimeters. [13] and was one of the officers the English had killed a lion arrived in length to 268 cm and weight to 222.3 kilograms, excluding the weight of the viscera. [12] The largest Berri said Astid days, reached a length of 3 meters full (9.9 feet). [14] ranges color of these animals between russet and black to gray Almrakec Alqrfa whitish sandstone [10].
Asian lions are social animals significantly, they live in groups called in groups, and factions are black Asian smaller than those of Africa where the rate of its members Onttan to 4 or 6 females in the black African factions. As is the male social less of the male African where Atjtma with the rest of the group except for mating, or when hunting prey large, believed that the reason behind this is because the prey in India are smaller than prey in Africa that is, they ask black fewer dropped [15].
Feed on the black Asian in India currently elk often like deer trout and deer Alsmbr, in addition to the antelope such as Alngaa, wild pigs, water buffalo; also prey on the occasional animal domesticated and even beauty, and in other regions of Asia and Europe that was inhabited by black-Asian, it was variety of prey items of prey like the red deer, black deer, Arabian oryx, cheaper, European bison, and others. Extended gestation period of a female between 100 and 119 days, averaging 103 days to give birth then between Chaplin and three cubs blind each weighing between 2 and 3 pounds; The Cubs sexual maturity when they reach for the age of 18 months and two years. Up long-life male Asian lion in the wild for about 7 or 8 years, while the female she can reach the age of 16 or 18 years
[Status of the strain and the risks faced by]
Showed statistical held in April of 2006, the number of black-forest-dwelling is about 359 with a lion, and live the black in that region with an area of 1412 square kilometers (558 square miles) and covered Balajam and open deciduous forests. The black population of Asian lions are limited to 13 only in 1907 before the rulers of the region are fully protected until their numbers gradually increased, and saved from extinction. Black share at home with other predators such as wolf and the Indian tiger, hyena planned, and the tiger, which is India's largest Cat comes home to a forest is not because it prefers dense forests over the plains and bush areas that you prefer black
[Inbreeding]
Believed that the population Asiatic wild's about 360 lions descend all of the 13 individuals only, and therefore assumed that it bred internally significantly, but some data suggest that this number is grossly exaggerated and that the actual number of black was nearly percent in 1910, [16] The reason to say down the numbers for this class was not only to encourage fishermen to catch these animals. The Many studies have shown that the breeding population internally for a long time are prone to disease and dramatically as the animals are deformed sperm in males, leading to infertility.
Says the world in the genes Stefan O'Brien in one of his studies of the primary that "if we take a sample of DNA for black Asian, we find that they all seem Kaltoaúm similar in that they descend the whole of a few tens of individuals that remained alive at the beginning of the twentieth century", [17] and therefore This makes them vulnerable to disease significantly and cause distortion of the 70 or 80% of sperm from the males of any figure that can cause sterile continued to marry under any circumstances in captivity.
One study showed alternative to poverty in the genetic diversity of the population at present not return to inbreeding, but was present in population of origin, showed supporters of this theory that the weak resistance of these animals for the disease is similar with that weakness of the Port also showed that the black-Asian real Atani of any distortions in sperm from the males, but was wondering about the credibility of this study because the researchers used some techniques inappropriate to examine the genetic diversity of a group of animals
[Other risks]
The human inhabitants of a forest is poisoning the black because of the attack livestock domesticated by putting meat or Jeff inlaid with the name of a killer in the open or near the site last Astadt it, [21] also found signs of a sniper black in some cases illegally, where they found tentacles are missing from the Giftha . Another risk is the other major floods, fires, epidemics, and as the home of black narrow and confined, they are considered vulnerable to extinction largely been in no great danger is similar.
The farmers also drilled approximately 15,000 to 20,000 wells open to irrigate some land became of these wells as traps fatal to many wild animals including lions, which fall off or jump deliberately to drink but they can not get out Vtamot drowned, has provided some suggestions to solve this problem, including building on the walls of the wells or the use of channels or pipes to convey water to agricultural land.
Also used by farmers in the forest is non-electric fences Qanueh, after raising the rate to do the electrical current, to protect their crops from the Indian antelope (Alngaa), but the black and other varieties of wildlife suspend or hit the fence Vtsak and die immediately.
The greatest threat to Asian Black Forest is Almaldara of people, people who are vegetarians do not provide the sponsors of the illegal hunting because of their interest in cattle breeding, where each family has about 50 cows, cattle Almaldara of the total. Because of the large numbers of cattle, the land around the settlements of these people are free of weeds significantly, [21] This is also logging in large part to the destruction of housing types that depend on them black in their diet, leading to displacement of these areas, forcing black to move to the source another for food and a cattle Almaldara and that puts them in direct conflict with the sponsors and lead to the target.
[Genetic pollution to the captive population]
Black Asian population suffer captive in zoos Indian genetic pollution, as most of them mated with African lions that were confiscated from circuses and put ignorance in joint exhibitions with the Black Asian. For this reason, are all black captive in India, it is not from the sweat of a net, which led to the suspension of the program, the European and the U.S. for the propagation of threatened species after they discovered this problem because all the black Asian zoos European and American brought from the gardens of India, with black contaminated genetically, rather than on the ground in order to maintain the stability of the numbers. India has corrected this error since I discovered the problem through marrying and breeding Black Asian clean genetically only helping to re-launch of the European program for the propagation of endangered species on Lion of Asia, the U.S. program has not been re-released since it closed in the eighties of the twentieth century, and still on the zoo in America to obtain a pure population of lions in India
[Re-enter the race]
The competent authorities in India operating since about a decade to establish a population wild seconds of black Asian, and the researchers of the Indian Institute of Wildlife to choose protected Balbor Kono as a site suitable for the introduction of strain to him and confirmed that this site is ready now to receive the population first of the black coming from the Forest is, [25] This will be the first time take the black in this area after the extinction there in about 1873. [26] However, there are some doubts about the ability of black to adapt to her home in the new post-transfer, because of the divergence between housing in a forest and is the new home at least drier, and also will be on the black to compete with more predators in her new home, most notably the tiger who lives the region, which is not contending black and prey on the land before it
[Black Asian in Europe, the Middle East]
The black-Asian living in some parts of Eastern Europe in ancient times, has written both Aristotle and Herodotus that the black was found in the Balkans, as did the Persian king Khcaیarcha first at the invasion of Greece and its progress through Macedonia in 480 BC, where he stated that many of the beauty of his convoy killed her and ate black. Believed that the Asian lion became extinct in Greece, the current between the years 80 and 100 AD.
Is inhabited by black-Eastern Europe as the European strain of the (European lion - Panthera leo europaea) or sometimes as a left-black caves (caves strain - Panthera leo spelaea), which continued to live after the end of the last ice age, but the opinion that it is likely Asian black is likely to be correct.
Asian Black continued to live in the Caucasus until the tenth century, and this population was considered as the maximum of living for the north as this is the only home in the former Soviet Union, which contains black lived until not too long. This black extinct in Armenia around the year 100 for the birth of Azerbaijan in the south and west of Russia in the tenth century, and the black share at home with this tiger and Caspian tiger, leopard Asian Persian, introduced by Armenian princes for hunting.
This cat is extinct one by one from that area because of intensive fishing and the disappearance of prey that were devoured, including: Albison European red deer, cheaper, Tatar horse, moose, and others.
Existed Black Asian in some Arab countries Asia until relatively recently, and the black and ample number in Palestine, Lebanon and Syria during the early spread of Christianity as stated in the Bible and the Torah under different names and was told that she lived in the forests and mountains, Jebel Sheikh, Mount Hermon, as in the areas of bush in Jordan Valley, as reported in the Black Arab heritage through a variety of sources, including novels from Hamzah ibn Muttalib, the uncle of the Prophet of Islam Muhammad bin Abdullah, who was a fisherman for black, and through the stories of some writers such as Ibn Muqaffa in the Panchatantra. In addition, Black appeared in many of the Romanian and Byzantine inscriptions and Assyrian inscription, such as the Ishtar Gate in Iraq.
Black Asian extinct from Lebanon and Palestine after the end of the Crusades, the last mention of them is by the Arab writers in the centuries XIII and XIV when he was still living near the Samaria and adjacent areas. The governor of Ramallah Knight Ben Schauer that he saw a tenth lion dead in Ramallah and the River Awja after heavy rains and that was in 1294, as Vice Safed Mansouri (1304-1307) of killing 15 lions in the forests of coastal Palestine. [27] continued Black Asian presence during this period in Syria that killed most recently about 1891, in Aleppo on hand to Osmani, and Mesopotamia near the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates, where it remained live until the nineteenth century, according to claim many of the travelers, and the Arabian Peninsula.
Remained black Alaciobh widespread in many other areas until the mid-nineteenth century when the proliferation of firearms to the extinction of a wide range of many areas, and was the last View of the Lion in Iran in 1941, between Shiraz and Jahrom in 1944 and found the cadaver another lioness on the banks of the River Caron in the province of Khuzestan, [28] In Turkey Vnfq Boakhar last lion in the nineteenth century
[Close breeds]
A study in 1968 that the Berber dynasties, Asian and African as well as the different strain of Cape of Good Hope has the same properties in the skulls, most notably the narrow rectangular face shape that appears when a large black and Asian barbarism in particular. It appears this is that perhaps there was a close link between black North Africa and Asia, as is thought that the European strain of southern Europe, which became extinct between the years 80 and 100 m was a link between black North African and Asian countries. It is believed that the Berber dynasty have the same skin fold held by the Asian black on her stomach, they disappear under the Bdtha long that runs along her stomach.
Asian Lion is one of the strains of black and still living today in India only and is also known as the Indian lion, was the home of this strain has spread in the past of Greece and South West Asia through Central Asia to India. Historically, the Asian black is classified into three types Assad is Arab, Persian and Bengali. [1] These animals are one of the three major Cat comes India, and the other is a tiger and the tiger. [2]
Different black African Asian relatives from several aspects, they are slightly smaller, but the males mane is less dense and has a fold of excess skin extending along the abdomen, and the tuft of hair on their wake and joints longer tuft of black Africa. Vary black Asian African also through their behavior the social, they live in the code smaller and fewer in number where they can reach the number of members of the group for about Onttin only; Perhaps the most distinguishing feature of this black is carried to humans and not show aggressive behavior towards him often, and perhaps the reason for this This is because the black remaining in India, shared the home with a number of tribes for thousands of years, making it get used to the presence of humans in the vicinity. However, recently in the past few years, the percentage of attack these animals to humans, and believed that the reason behind this is to reduce the number of cattle domesticated in the forest is developing methods of preserving them from attack predators which deprived black from one of the sources of their food basic and make it so you look at the human Ktradh alternative [3].
Total census population in 2005 about 359 people [4] living all in the forest is in the Indian state of Gujarat, [5] [6] In the census of 2010, show that the number of black increased 52 Asda than it was in 2005. [7] extended the scope of this Black in earlier eras from the Caucasus and Turkey, the Levant and across to Yemen and from Macedonia through Mesopotamia and Iran to India via Pakistan and even Bangladesh border. The Asiatic one of the strains of black used by the Romans to battle gladiators and other types of animals in the arenas Amajaldh and terraces Romanian, and were the descendants of the black key used by the rulers of the provinces the Romans in Asia to fight in arenas mini similar to the circuit core in Rome, where he appeared in some of the inscriptions and drawings Canaanite The Phoenician black Allibdh a small prey some people. Of the common mistakes is when people believe that black is the national animal of India, but this title is up to the Bengali Port [8].
Scientists assume that the Asian lion separated from the black African population since a relatively short period according to the period required for the creature to behave a different evolutionary path, and this period is estimated at about 100,000 years
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotes Kingdom: Animals Division: Chordata Community: mammals Rank: carnivores Species: cat Gender: Tiger Type: Lion Strain: Asian
[In the case of nature conservation]
Endangered animals (Risk of extinction max)
[Description and biological properties]
Lion of the Asian shaggy coat is greater than that of the African lion, and has a longer tuft of hair on the tail and other facilities. Ranges along the skull of adult males between 330 and 340 mm maximum, while the females ranged along the skull between 266 and 277 millimeters. [10] has both sexes fold of skin stretching on the abdomen as a whole and distinguish this strain from others, and range in length from males between 1.7 and 2.5 meters and weigh between 150 and 250 kg while the length of the females to between 1.4 and 1.75 meters and weighs between 120 and 182 kg. [11] According to the documents that the largest males ever arrived in length to 292 cm, [12] and a height of 107 centimeters. [13] and was one of the officers the English had killed a lion arrived in length to 268 cm and weight to 222.3 kilograms, excluding the weight of the viscera. [12] The largest Berri said Astid days, reached a length of 3 meters full (9.9 feet). [14] ranges color of these animals between russet and black to gray Almrakec Alqrfa whitish sandstone [10].
Asian lions are social animals significantly, they live in groups called in groups, and factions are black Asian smaller than those of Africa where the rate of its members Onttan to 4 or 6 females in the black African factions. As is the male social less of the male African where Atjtma with the rest of the group except for mating, or when hunting prey large, believed that the reason behind this is because the prey in India are smaller than prey in Africa that is, they ask black fewer dropped [15].
Feed on the black Asian in India currently elk often like deer trout and deer Alsmbr, in addition to the antelope such as Alngaa, wild pigs, water buffalo; also prey on the occasional animal domesticated and even beauty, and in other regions of Asia and Europe that was inhabited by black-Asian, it was variety of prey items of prey like the red deer, black deer, Arabian oryx, cheaper, European bison, and others. Extended gestation period of a female between 100 and 119 days, averaging 103 days to give birth then between Chaplin and three cubs blind each weighing between 2 and 3 pounds; The Cubs sexual maturity when they reach for the age of 18 months and two years. Up long-life male Asian lion in the wild for about 7 or 8 years, while the female she can reach the age of 16 or 18 years
[Status of the strain and the risks faced by]
Showed statistical held in April of 2006, the number of black-forest-dwelling is about 359 with a lion, and live the black in that region with an area of 1412 square kilometers (558 square miles) and covered Balajam and open deciduous forests. The black population of Asian lions are limited to 13 only in 1907 before the rulers of the region are fully protected until their numbers gradually increased, and saved from extinction. Black share at home with other predators such as wolf and the Indian tiger, hyena planned, and the tiger, which is India's largest Cat comes home to a forest is not because it prefers dense forests over the plains and bush areas that you prefer black
[Inbreeding]
Believed that the population Asiatic wild's about 360 lions descend all of the 13 individuals only, and therefore assumed that it bred internally significantly, but some data suggest that this number is grossly exaggerated and that the actual number of black was nearly percent in 1910, [16] The reason to say down the numbers for this class was not only to encourage fishermen to catch these animals. The Many studies have shown that the breeding population internally for a long time are prone to disease and dramatically as the animals are deformed sperm in males, leading to infertility.
Says the world in the genes Stefan O'Brien in one of his studies of the primary that "if we take a sample of DNA for black Asian, we find that they all seem Kaltoaúm similar in that they descend the whole of a few tens of individuals that remained alive at the beginning of the twentieth century", [17] and therefore This makes them vulnerable to disease significantly and cause distortion of the 70 or 80% of sperm from the males of any figure that can cause sterile continued to marry under any circumstances in captivity.
One study showed alternative to poverty in the genetic diversity of the population at present not return to inbreeding, but was present in population of origin, showed supporters of this theory that the weak resistance of these animals for the disease is similar with that weakness of the Port also showed that the black-Asian real Atani of any distortions in sperm from the males, but was wondering about the credibility of this study because the researchers used some techniques inappropriate to examine the genetic diversity of a group of animals
[Other risks]
The human inhabitants of a forest is poisoning the black because of the attack livestock domesticated by putting meat or Jeff inlaid with the name of a killer in the open or near the site last Astadt it, [21] also found signs of a sniper black in some cases illegally, where they found tentacles are missing from the Giftha . Another risk is the other major floods, fires, epidemics, and as the home of black narrow and confined, they are considered vulnerable to extinction largely been in no great danger is similar.
The farmers also drilled approximately 15,000 to 20,000 wells open to irrigate some land became of these wells as traps fatal to many wild animals including lions, which fall off or jump deliberately to drink but they can not get out Vtamot drowned, has provided some suggestions to solve this problem, including building on the walls of the wells or the use of channels or pipes to convey water to agricultural land.
Also used by farmers in the forest is non-electric fences Qanueh, after raising the rate to do the electrical current, to protect their crops from the Indian antelope (Alngaa), but the black and other varieties of wildlife suspend or hit the fence Vtsak and die immediately.
The greatest threat to Asian Black Forest is Almaldara of people, people who are vegetarians do not provide the sponsors of the illegal hunting because of their interest in cattle breeding, where each family has about 50 cows, cattle Almaldara of the total. Because of the large numbers of cattle, the land around the settlements of these people are free of weeds significantly, [21] This is also logging in large part to the destruction of housing types that depend on them black in their diet, leading to displacement of these areas, forcing black to move to the source another for food and a cattle Almaldara and that puts them in direct conflict with the sponsors and lead to the target.
[Genetic pollution to the captive population]
Black Asian population suffer captive in zoos Indian genetic pollution, as most of them mated with African lions that were confiscated from circuses and put ignorance in joint exhibitions with the Black Asian. For this reason, are all black captive in India, it is not from the sweat of a net, which led to the suspension of the program, the European and the U.S. for the propagation of threatened species after they discovered this problem because all the black Asian zoos European and American brought from the gardens of India, with black contaminated genetically, rather than on the ground in order to maintain the stability of the numbers. India has corrected this error since I discovered the problem through marrying and breeding Black Asian clean genetically only helping to re-launch of the European program for the propagation of endangered species on Lion of Asia, the U.S. program has not been re-released since it closed in the eighties of the twentieth century, and still on the zoo in America to obtain a pure population of lions in India
[Re-enter the race]
The competent authorities in India operating since about a decade to establish a population wild seconds of black Asian, and the researchers of the Indian Institute of Wildlife to choose protected Balbor Kono as a site suitable for the introduction of strain to him and confirmed that this site is ready now to receive the population first of the black coming from the Forest is, [25] This will be the first time take the black in this area after the extinction there in about 1873. [26] However, there are some doubts about the ability of black to adapt to her home in the new post-transfer, because of the divergence between housing in a forest and is the new home at least drier, and also will be on the black to compete with more predators in her new home, most notably the tiger who lives the region, which is not contending black and prey on the land before it
[Black Asian in Europe, the Middle East]
The black-Asian living in some parts of Eastern Europe in ancient times, has written both Aristotle and Herodotus that the black was found in the Balkans, as did the Persian king Khcaیarcha first at the invasion of Greece and its progress through Macedonia in 480 BC, where he stated that many of the beauty of his convoy killed her and ate black. Believed that the Asian lion became extinct in Greece, the current between the years 80 and 100 AD.
Is inhabited by black-Eastern Europe as the European strain of the (European lion - Panthera leo europaea) or sometimes as a left-black caves (caves strain - Panthera leo spelaea), which continued to live after the end of the last ice age, but the opinion that it is likely Asian black is likely to be correct.
Asian Black continued to live in the Caucasus until the tenth century, and this population was considered as the maximum of living for the north as this is the only home in the former Soviet Union, which contains black lived until not too long. This black extinct in Armenia around the year 100 for the birth of Azerbaijan in the south and west of Russia in the tenth century, and the black share at home with this tiger and Caspian tiger, leopard Asian Persian, introduced by Armenian princes for hunting.
This cat is extinct one by one from that area because of intensive fishing and the disappearance of prey that were devoured, including: Albison European red deer, cheaper, Tatar horse, moose, and others.
Existed Black Asian in some Arab countries Asia until relatively recently, and the black and ample number in Palestine, Lebanon and Syria during the early spread of Christianity as stated in the Bible and the Torah under different names and was told that she lived in the forests and mountains, Jebel Sheikh, Mount Hermon, as in the areas of bush in Jordan Valley, as reported in the Black Arab heritage through a variety of sources, including novels from Hamzah ibn Muttalib, the uncle of the Prophet of Islam Muhammad bin Abdullah, who was a fisherman for black, and through the stories of some writers such as Ibn Muqaffa in the Panchatantra. In addition, Black appeared in many of the Romanian and Byzantine inscriptions and Assyrian inscription, such as the Ishtar Gate in Iraq.
Black Asian extinct from Lebanon and Palestine after the end of the Crusades, the last mention of them is by the Arab writers in the centuries XIII and XIV when he was still living near the Samaria and adjacent areas. The governor of Ramallah Knight Ben Schauer that he saw a tenth lion dead in Ramallah and the River Awja after heavy rains and that was in 1294, as Vice Safed Mansouri (1304-1307) of killing 15 lions in the forests of coastal Palestine. [27] continued Black Asian presence during this period in Syria that killed most recently about 1891, in Aleppo on hand to Osmani, and Mesopotamia near the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates, where it remained live until the nineteenth century, according to claim many of the travelers, and the Arabian Peninsula.
Remained black Alaciobh widespread in many other areas until the mid-nineteenth century when the proliferation of firearms to the extinction of a wide range of many areas, and was the last View of the Lion in Iran in 1941, between Shiraz and Jahrom in 1944 and found the cadaver another lioness on the banks of the River Caron in the province of Khuzestan, [28] In Turkey Vnfq Boakhar last lion in the nineteenth century
[Close breeds]
A study in 1968 that the Berber dynasties, Asian and African as well as the different strain of Cape of Good Hope has the same properties in the skulls, most notably the narrow rectangular face shape that appears when a large black and Asian barbarism in particular. It appears this is that perhaps there was a close link between black North Africa and Asia, as is thought that the European strain of southern Europe, which became extinct between the years 80 and 100 m was a link between black North African and Asian countries. It is believed that the Berber dynasty have the same skin fold held by the Asian black on her stomach, they disappear under the Bdtha long that runs along her stomach.
- Afghan fox
Afghan fox, and other names Blandford fox, fox rabies, fox, sober, and steppe fox, Fox resides in the small size of some areas in the Middle East and likely presence in the other. Knows that Afghan fox spread from Israel to Afghanistan, through Iran, Pakistan, Turkestan, Oman, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and believed that the different populations in these countries, separate from each other does not come into contact with Between them. Some scientists assume that these foxes home to more of a habitat known to include the These countries Eritrea, Sudan, Egypt, and Yemen.
Foxes live in the Afghan steppe and semi-arid mountains, which prefer to live in areas with rugged Cliffs and rocky slopes and valleys, and it was thought to Previous avoid low-lying areas warm As the colder areas of high, but it has been seen near the Dead Sea in Palestine, where Appeared to be living in agricultural areas for the cultivation of some types of fruit such as melons, Albesal Alosla Russian, and smokeless grape seeds.
Can be found even foxes Afghan altitude of 2000 meters (6560 feet), and it seems that the most important aspects that Should be present at the residence of these animals is the dry banks of the tables because the large stones which provide The foxes Gehora to raise their young during the season of birth.
Featuring foxes from other traditions that some cats like habits (such as the habit of climbing trees To escape from any danger), and even some form resembles the form of small cats, and other habits such as Vmmathlh breeding habits of foxes to the other (single-mating, only one partner during her lifetime).
Most of the information on the habits and behavior of these animals were obtained from studies conducted in Israel, still must obtain extensive information on the habits of the fox Afghanistan in other countries Nearby, in addition to further understanding of the risks it faces in the eastern part of the home, which may Encourage those countries to increase or impose on the protection of this unique type of foxes.
Afghan fox-sized small animal with large ears and long bushy tail, and weight of these animals ranged between 1.5 and 3 kg, with the length of her body from head to tail to between 70 and 90 centimeters. Similar to both male and female in shape, slender snout, where the movements and shape to those Vhbahh For cats, and the color of this fox black or brown or gray or even sometimes piebald, and be Sides lighter in color than the back that holds a black line along its length, while the bottom side Vocefr color, as And the tip of the tail usually dark but can be white in color. Are lists of male front And their bodies larger than those for females, including rate ranging from 3 to 6%
Foxes mate during the Afghan month of December to February, the animals only a single mating partner Single all her life. Pregnancy lasts from 50 to 60 days after giving birth to a female puppy Batna consists of one To 3 as a result, the young nurse for between 30 and 45 days and remain dependent on her mother until they are able to Find their food by themselves. And young generated is partially completed in the hole where the isolated and immune to grow under Maternal care, and in this kind of male foxes may help to raise young female partner (and has been viewed Alzk T he flirts with puppies in some cases), albeit by just a defense of Haouz, who believes Adequacy of its prey and to prevent foxes from entering the other, due to the major reason is that these Foxes rarely unilateral mating with the breeding territory intersects with the possession of other foxes.
Remain small in the region where I was born until October or November of the same year, and has a long life These animals between 4 to 5 years and not exceed 10 years in the wilderness, never as most of them spend Of natural causes disability and the most important rabies.
Afghan and foxes his continent animals (eating everything) feed on insects and fruit whole, and include Tridtha different types of insects such as beetles, locusts, grasshoppers, ants, termites, and And eat different kinds of wild fruit, has emerged from the analysis that took place on one of the samples of feces That 10% of the diet consists of plant sources, known in Pakistan as eat some crops Agricultural, such as watermelon, grapes and Russian olive.
Afghan foxes tend to hunt alone most of the time, and even couples which tend to seek each For food separately, and rarely stored food. These animals do not need to drink often, but you get The need of water from the juices you get from food.
Raccoon dog [Nyctereutes procyonoides]
Zebu dog or raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is a species Alkalpaat which is spread in Eastern Europe and East Asia and animal-like Alratun Algasl, the only species in the family Alkalpaat which is the hibernation feature in it. A representative of the genus Nyctereutes.
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotesKingdom: AnimalsDivision: ChordataCommunity: mammalsRank: carnivoresFamily: Alkalpaat
[Physical description]
Of a dog raccoon body Mmtheli with two men short with fur thick and long, while the length ranges between 50 and 70 Sntmitra and height about 30 Sntmitra. Unlike Alratun Algasl it has the tail long and thinner than the first, as well as the weight, which varies by gender, class and age also Fosenh in the summer between 4 and 6 Khilgramat either in the winter between 6 and 10 Kieramat.
[The situation and way of life]
Situation and the way Alachaltcather usually occurs between February and April / April, but vary depending on where it is located pregnancy lasts about two months. Then place between 6 and 12 puppies. After four weeks, children can feed themselves, but to breastfeed for two months. Finally, become mature at the age of one year. Raccoon dogs are nocturnal, which means they are active at night. Mataich often isolated or in small groups. In other words, the raccoon in the pattern of life about the same raccoon.
[Economic importance to humans]
The fur of the most valuable commodity on the black market, but among the animals that carry rabies and that it is a source of disease.
Zebu dog or raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is a species Alkalpaat which is spread in Eastern Europe and East Asia and animal-like Alratun Algasl, the only species in the family Alkalpaat which is the hibernation feature in it. A representative of the genus Nyctereutes.
[Scientific classification]
Namespace: eukaryotesKingdom: AnimalsDivision: ChordataCommunity: mammalsRank: carnivoresFamily: Alkalpaat
[Physical description]
Of a dog raccoon body Mmtheli with two men short with fur thick and long, while the length ranges between 50 and 70 Sntmitra and height about 30 Sntmitra. Unlike Alratun Algasl it has the tail long and thinner than the first, as well as the weight, which varies by gender, class and age also Fosenh in the summer between 4 and 6 Khilgramat either in the winter between 6 and 10 Kieramat.
[The situation and way of life]
Situation and the way Alachaltcather usually occurs between February and April / April, but vary depending on where it is located pregnancy lasts about two months. Then place between 6 and 12 puppies. After four weeks, children can feed themselves, but to breastfeed for two months. Finally, become mature at the age of one year. Raccoon dogs are nocturnal, which means they are active at night. Mataich often isolated or in small groups. In other words, the raccoon in the pattern of life about the same raccoon.
[Economic importance to humans]
The fur of the most valuable commodity on the black market, but among the animals that carry rabies and that it is a source of disease.
OhjaralmangerovDefined:Mangrove trees (the Crimea, Shora, Alguendl, neighbor) is a group of halophytesUnique and typical, where a special pattern of the evergreen trees growing in areasTropical and subtropical regions and between the tides and water systems in salty or brackish.Because of the growth of mangrove trees in areas that are similar to shallow swamps where the soilPoor ventilation and water-saturated and rich remnants Althllah increase the proportion of carbon dioxide resulting from theDecomposition of organic material and the roots of this plant Atjd adequacy of the oxygen needed for breathing are growing fromThe lower parts of the plant (which is the market Rizumih that exist under the surface and submergedWater), the roots tend to respiratory INCIDENTAL declaration against gravity to be not from the direction to the bottomAnd appear above ground Xiqan developing with a few long Sntimatrut even half a meter andIn a large area around the plant tissues contain spaces as wide as spread on the surfaceAdissat in large holes is a respiratory-like lenses work on the exchange of gases and reachSpaces are aerobic atmosphere that permeates the tissue occurs when the internal walls of the islands(Low level of sea water) and exposed the roots exposed to air and passes air from the ventsAir and carries air to the air immediately. Living these trees in the front part of the coastSeas, oceans and estuaries located in the tropical and tropical inter-tropicalCancer and Capricorn, where high temperatures. Soil of this part of the coast, which growMangrove trees by a flat covered with water either as permanent or at times of high tide.The bays and harbors and river deltas and islands nearby or adjacent to the coast where the environmentalAppropriate for the growth and proliferation of mangrove trees where the soil is rich in organic matter and the remains of plantsDecomposed and has a foul odor is difficult for the human walk on it because of the viscosity.Include mangrove trees about 16 genera and 55 species belonging to the faction of vegetable variety11 platoon) and often are similar in characteristics and physiological and environmental needs of different forms)Depending on temperature, humidity, soil type and degree of salinity in which there are. And tableThe following shows the types of mangrove species
Dinosaurs became extinct because suddenly a huge explosion hit the ground
Recently discovered fossils of dinosaur may reveal the final and conclusive and that dinosaurs became extinct due to a sudden huge explosion, like a huge comet hit the Earth.
Fossils of new dinosaur belonged to a century, and believed to be the dinosaur of the family includes Triceratops Tricratbs any three centuries, and found in a pit located to the geology of the south-east of Montana. According to the magazine «The» that important in the discovery of these bones is not where you found it, but the depth that I found it. The bones discovered at a depth of 5 inches under the barrier rock, which dates back to the era of «Cretaceous trio», a period which saw the sudden extinction of the dinosaurs and go out of existence.
I found the fossils in the area near the border to studies that indicate that it has seen the sudden extinction of the dinosaurs by what we can say that the fall of the comet hit the ground and clear the dinosaurs to exist.
Of course, you say you will know this is long, but the fact is that this theory has been under debate and the give and take almost 30 years, as the common theory that the guilty a huge hit the peninsula in the Mexican Yukōtan Cretaceous.
Critics of the theory of the comet, often point to what is known as the «gap meters three», ie, that there are no fossils of dinosaurs in the meters of 3 in the rocks belonging to the age of Cretaceous top, and some argue that the gap suggests that dinosaurs became extinct in a gradual and not sudden as in the case of the comet.
For the recent discoverers of the bones, this discovery removes any doubts about the theory of the culprit, especially since there are theories that life became extinct because of sudden low temperatures, or it did not become extinct by the comet hit the Earth.
Recently discovered fossils of dinosaur may reveal the final and conclusive and that dinosaurs became extinct due to a sudden huge explosion, like a huge comet hit the Earth.
Fossils of new dinosaur belonged to a century, and believed to be the dinosaur of the family includes Triceratops Tricratbs any three centuries, and found in a pit located to the geology of the south-east of Montana. According to the magazine «The» that important in the discovery of these bones is not where you found it, but the depth that I found it. The bones discovered at a depth of 5 inches under the barrier rock, which dates back to the era of «Cretaceous trio», a period which saw the sudden extinction of the dinosaurs and go out of existence.
I found the fossils in the area near the border to studies that indicate that it has seen the sudden extinction of the dinosaurs by what we can say that the fall of the comet hit the ground and clear the dinosaurs to exist.
Of course, you say you will know this is long, but the fact is that this theory has been under debate and the give and take almost 30 years, as the common theory that the guilty a huge hit the peninsula in the Mexican Yukōtan Cretaceous.
Critics of the theory of the comet, often point to what is known as the «gap meters three», ie, that there are no fossils of dinosaurs in the meters of 3 in the rocks belonging to the age of Cretaceous top, and some argue that the gap suggests that dinosaurs became extinct in a gradual and not sudden as in the case of the comet.
For the recent discoverers of the bones, this discovery removes any doubts about the theory of the culprit, especially since there are theories that life became extinct because of sudden low temperatures, or it did not become extinct by the comet hit the Earth.
Differences between northern and southern poles
Some might think that the North and South Poles are completely identical .. And some of us may recognize some of the differences .. But there are some essential differences between the northern and southern poles shown off here
First:
The first of these differences is that the Arctic is located above the frozen body of water, and include the Arctic (Arctic Region) different land surrounding this body of water Almndjemd. And follow this land to different countries including America, Canada and Russia, Greenland and Finland ... Etc.
And on the contrary .. The south pole is located over the continent (land) where the lakes and mountains .. And the Antarctic, or what we call the frozen southern continent (Antarctica) containing the frozen bodies of water surrounded by land ..
Second:
Of the frozen southern continent (Antarctica) or the South Pole 90% of the ice in the world and is representing three-quarters of the amount of fresh water on the surface of the earth ..
Third:
Despite the media planted in the land of the frozen southern continent, but it only lands on the surface of the ground that are not owned by a State or a person .. And did not record any in its history and existence of indigenous peoples .. And its affairs administered by the Antarctic Treaty, which kept the use of its territory and Mwarda for peaceful and scientific purposes only .. On the contrary of this live more than 4 million people within the Arctic Circle and distributed in the cities and towns as diverse as Alaska, Norway, Tromso and Barrow and others ..
Fourth:
The Arctic Circle and the views of researchers from oil and natural gas .. Where the estimated amount of oil in these areas, a quarter of untapped oil reserves in the world .. And make all of America and Russia, many of the exploration and drilling for oil and gas in the polar regions to exploit them economically .. He promised, while preventing the Antarctic exploration for oil in its territory at the moment ..
Fifth:
Many people believe that penguins and polar bears live next to each other in the polar regions of the cold .. and if if that were true, the Penguins were easy prey for the giant bears .. But in fact, live polar bears in the Arctic Circle, while only limited to the presence of penguins in the frozen South mouse only ..
VI:
Antarctica is very cold compared to the Arctic region and the areas where ice does not melt at all .. Where the average temperature of 49 degrees Celsius below zero, making it the most cold areas on the surface of the earth .. In the Arctic, the average winter temperature is 29 degrees below zero, but rises in the summer .. The lowest recorded temperature on the surface of the earth in Vostok Station near the South Pole in the history of July 21 (note that we are in winter in the south of the ground) in 1983 and was 89.6 degrees Celsius below zero!
Seventh:
Eroding the ozone layer over the poles significantly .. But it eroded further over the South Pole .. And the size of the ozone hole over Antarctica 3 times the size of the U.S. .. And attributed the cause of the low erosion of the ozone layer over the Arctic to being warmer than the Antarctic which limits the polar stratospheric clouds, which destroy the ozone layer ..
Eighth:
The ice in the Arctic is more sensitive to climatic changes because of Smakath few compared with the layers of ice in the Antarctic .. And result in the warmth of the air in the summer to melt the ice, resulting in cracks in the glaciers .. And researchers that cracks occur in the ice of the Arctic stretched last year until it reached the same pole for the first time!
IX:
Part of the ice melts the Arctic region on a regular basis so that the natural pot in which half the amount of ice in summer even disappear .. And is used to grow and increase in size during the winter .. However, the increasing rate of melting and acceleration portends problems and dangers caused by global warming .. For example, studies indicate that the glaciers, which is 2 miles thick in Greenland melt at random which will lead to the loss of half of these blocks with the end of the century .. And decrease the amount of ice in the Antarctic, but are also slower than the loss in the Arctic .. But in the case of melted glaciers in Antarctica (and accounting for the majority of the ice on the surface of the earth) will increase sea level by 200 meters from its present!!!
Some might think that the North and South Poles are completely identical .. And some of us may recognize some of the differences .. But there are some essential differences between the northern and southern poles shown off here
First:
The first of these differences is that the Arctic is located above the frozen body of water, and include the Arctic (Arctic Region) different land surrounding this body of water Almndjemd. And follow this land to different countries including America, Canada and Russia, Greenland and Finland ... Etc.
And on the contrary .. The south pole is located over the continent (land) where the lakes and mountains .. And the Antarctic, or what we call the frozen southern continent (Antarctica) containing the frozen bodies of water surrounded by land ..
Second:
Of the frozen southern continent (Antarctica) or the South Pole 90% of the ice in the world and is representing three-quarters of the amount of fresh water on the surface of the earth ..
Third:
Despite the media planted in the land of the frozen southern continent, but it only lands on the surface of the ground that are not owned by a State or a person .. And did not record any in its history and existence of indigenous peoples .. And its affairs administered by the Antarctic Treaty, which kept the use of its territory and Mwarda for peaceful and scientific purposes only .. On the contrary of this live more than 4 million people within the Arctic Circle and distributed in the cities and towns as diverse as Alaska, Norway, Tromso and Barrow and others ..
Fourth:
The Arctic Circle and the views of researchers from oil and natural gas .. Where the estimated amount of oil in these areas, a quarter of untapped oil reserves in the world .. And make all of America and Russia, many of the exploration and drilling for oil and gas in the polar regions to exploit them economically .. He promised, while preventing the Antarctic exploration for oil in its territory at the moment ..
Fifth:
Many people believe that penguins and polar bears live next to each other in the polar regions of the cold .. and if if that were true, the Penguins were easy prey for the giant bears .. But in fact, live polar bears in the Arctic Circle, while only limited to the presence of penguins in the frozen South mouse only ..
VI:
Antarctica is very cold compared to the Arctic region and the areas where ice does not melt at all .. Where the average temperature of 49 degrees Celsius below zero, making it the most cold areas on the surface of the earth .. In the Arctic, the average winter temperature is 29 degrees below zero, but rises in the summer .. The lowest recorded temperature on the surface of the earth in Vostok Station near the South Pole in the history of July 21 (note that we are in winter in the south of the ground) in 1983 and was 89.6 degrees Celsius below zero!
Seventh:
Eroding the ozone layer over the poles significantly .. But it eroded further over the South Pole .. And the size of the ozone hole over Antarctica 3 times the size of the U.S. .. And attributed the cause of the low erosion of the ozone layer over the Arctic to being warmer than the Antarctic which limits the polar stratospheric clouds, which destroy the ozone layer ..
Eighth:
The ice in the Arctic is more sensitive to climatic changes because of Smakath few compared with the layers of ice in the Antarctic .. And result in the warmth of the air in the summer to melt the ice, resulting in cracks in the glaciers .. And researchers that cracks occur in the ice of the Arctic stretched last year until it reached the same pole for the first time!
IX:
Part of the ice melts the Arctic region on a regular basis so that the natural pot in which half the amount of ice in summer even disappear .. And is used to grow and increase in size during the winter .. However, the increasing rate of melting and acceleration portends problems and dangers caused by global warming .. For example, studies indicate that the glaciers, which is 2 miles thick in Greenland melt at random which will lead to the loss of half of these blocks with the end of the century .. And decrease the amount of ice in the Antarctic, but are also slower than the loss in the Arctic .. But in the case of melted glaciers in Antarctica (and accounting for the majority of the ice on the surface of the earth) will increase sea level by 200 meters from its present!!!
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